SVETAJIRAKA(FRUIT)
Svetajiraka consists of ripe fruits of Cuminum cyminum, Linn. (Fam. Umbelliferae), a glabrous, annual herb, 30-90 cm hight, flowers very small, white, about 38 mm long stalk in compound umbels, mostly cultivated in plains, plants pulled out, dried thrashed for collecting mature fruits.
Svetajiraka consists of ripe fruits of Cuminum cyminum, Linn. (Fam. Umbelliferae), a glabrous, annual herb, 30-90 cm hight, flowers very small, white, about 38 mm long stalk in compound umbels, mostly cultivated in plains, plants pulled out, dried thrashed for collecting mature fruits.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Ajiji, Jiraka, Ajijiki
Assamese : Jira
Bengali : Jira, Sadajira
English : Cumin seed. Cumin
Gujrati : Jirautmi, Jirn, Jiraugi, Jeeru, Jirun
Hindi : Jira, Safed jira
Kannada : Jirage, Bilejirege
Kashmiri : Safed Zoor
Malayalam : Jeerakam
Marathi : Pandhare jire
Oriya : Dhalajeera, Dalajira, Jira
Punjabi : Safed Jira, Chitta Jira
Tamil : Sheeragam, Chirakam, Jeerakam
Telugu : Jilakarra, Tella Jilakarra
Urdu : Zirah, Zirasafed
Sanskrit : Ajiji, Jiraka, Ajijiki
Assamese : Jira
Bengali : Jira, Sadajira
English : Cumin seed. Cumin
Gujrati : Jirautmi, Jirn, Jiraugi, Jeeru, Jirun
Hindi : Jira, Safed jira
Kannada : Jirage, Bilejirege
Kashmiri : Safed Zoor
Malayalam : Jeerakam
Marathi : Pandhare jire
Oriya : Dhalajeera, Dalajira, Jira
Punjabi : Safed Jira, Chitta Jira
Tamil : Sheeragam, Chirakam, Jeerakam
Telugu : Jilakarra, Tella Jilakarra
Urdu : Zirah, Zirasafed
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Fruit, a cremocarp, often separated into mericarps, brown with light coloured ridges ellipsoidal, elongated, about 4-6 mm long, 2 mm wide, tapering at ends and slightly compressed laterally, mericarps with 5 longitudinal hairy primary ridges from base to apex, alternating with 4 secondary ridges which are flatter and bear conspicuous emergences, seeds orthospermous, odour umbelliferous characteristic, taste, richly spicy.
Fruit, a cremocarp, often separated into mericarps, brown with light coloured ridges ellipsoidal, elongated, about 4-6 mm long, 2 mm wide, tapering at ends and slightly compressed laterally, mericarps with 5 longitudinal hairy primary ridges from base to apex, alternating with 4 secondary ridges which are flatter and bear conspicuous emergences, seeds orthospermous, odour umbelliferous characteristic, taste, richly spicy.
b) Microscopic
Transverse section of fruit shows epidermis consisting of short polygonal, tabular cells densely covered with short, bristle hairs on ridges, mesocarp with few layers of parenchyma and five vascular bundles under five primary ridges, six vittae under secondary ridges, four on dorsal and two on commissural surface, endocarp consists of polygonal cells containing fixed oil and aleurone grains carpophore consists of slender fibres.
Transverse section of fruit shows epidermis consisting of short polygonal, tabular cells densely covered with short, bristle hairs on ridges, mesocarp with few layers of parenchyma and five vascular bundles under five primary ridges, six vittae under secondary ridges, four on dorsal and two on commissural surface, endocarp consists of polygonal cells containing fixed oil and aleurone grains carpophore consists of slender fibres.
CONSTITUENTS – Essential oil.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Katu
Guna : Laghu, Ruksha, Tikshna
Virya : Ushna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Dipana, Grihi, Krimighna, Kaphavitahara, Picana, Rucya
Rasa : Katu
Guna : Laghu, Ruksha, Tikshna
Virya : Ushna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Dipana, Grihi, Krimighna, Kaphavitahara, Picana, Rucya
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Hingvidi Churna, Jirakidyarishta, Jirakidimodaka, Hinguvacidi Churna
THERAPEUTIC USES – Agnimindya, Atisira, Krimiroga(Antihelmenthic)
DOSE – 1-3 g of the drug in powder form.
